NDG Linux Essentials 2.21 Operating Systems Module 2 | Chapter 02 Exam Answers

NDG Linux Essentials 2.21 Operating Systems Module 2 | Chapter 02 Exam Answers Full 100% 2013

There are the questions of Cisco NDG Linux Essentials 2.21 Operating Systems Module 2 Exam Answers with the latest version and updated in 2023. All answers are verified by experts with explanations.

1. When choosing a distribution of Linux, you should consider:
   (choose four)

   • Popularity on social media
   • Does the distribution offer a “stable” version
   • If the application software is supported by the distribution
   • Will commercial support be required for the OS
   • Does your organization require long-term support for the system
     

     Answers Explanation & Hint: When choosing a distribution of Linux, there are several factors to consider. Based on your options, here are four important considerations: Does the distribution offer a “stable” version: Stability is crucial for an operating system, especially in a production or enterprise environment. Look for distributions that provide a stable release, ensuring reliable performance and minimal bugs or crashes. If the application software is supported by the distribution: Check if the Linux distribution supports the specific application software you need. Some distributions focus on specific use cases or target different software ecosystems, so it’s essential to ensure compatibility with your desired applications. Will commercial support be required for the OS: Consider whether your organization requires commercial support for the operating system. Some Linux distributions, such as Red Hat Enterprise Linux (RHEL) or SUSE Linux Enterprise Server (SLES), offer paid support options, including technical assistance, maintenance, and security updates. Does your organization require long-term support for the system: Determine if your organization needs long-term support (LTS) for the Linux distribution. LTS releases provide extended support, including security patches and bug fixes, over an extended period, typically several years. This is important for stability and minimizing disruptions in production environments. Note that popularity on social media is not necessarily a critical factor in choosing a Linux distribution. Popularity can be indicative of community support and availability of resources, but it should not be the sole deciding factor as it may not align with your specific requirements.

2. Embedded Systems means:

   • Users must support the systems themselves
   • You can view the software’s source code
   • Businesses cannot charge anything for the software, only the hardware
   • Systems designed to do a specific task on hardware optimized for only that purpose
   • Companies must share their changes

   • Answers Explanation & Hint: Embedded systems refer to computer systems specifically designed to perform dedicated tasks within a larger device or system. The following statements accurately describe embedded systems: Systems designed to do a specific task on hardware optimized for only that purpose: Embedded systems are tailored to perform specific functions, often within a constrained environment. They are built to handle a particular task efficiently, whether it’s controlling industrial machinery, running a medical device, or managing automotive systems. You can view the software’s source code: In some cases, the software running on embedded systems may have its source code available for viewing or modification. However, this may not always be the case, as some proprietary embedded systems may keep their source code closed. The remaining statements do not accurately represent embedded systems: Users must support the systems themselves: Embedded systems can be supported either by the end-users or by the manufacturer or service provider, depending on the system’s design and deployment. Businesses cannot charge anything for the software, only the hardware: Embedded systems can be sold as a complete package, including both the hardware and the software. The pricing and business model can vary, and software may be sold or licensed separately from the hardware. Companies must share their changes: While open-source embedded systems exist, where changes and modifications are often shared, not all embedded systems require companies to share their changes. Proprietary embedded systems allow companies to keep their modifications private and not share them with the public.

3. The most popular Linux platform for mobile phones is:

   • BlackBerry
   • MobileLinux
   • Android
   • IOS
   • Slackware

   • Answers Explanation & Hint: The most popular Linux platform for mobile phones is Android. Android is an open-source operating system based on the Linux kernel and developed primarily for mobile devices. It has gained significant popularity and market share in the mobile industry, powering a wide range of smartphones and tablets. Android offers a vast ecosystem of applications, customization options, and extensive developer support.

4. Linux distributions use this to add and remove software from the system:

   • Compiler
   • Package manager
   • Bash
   • Application Programming Interface (API)
   • Partitioning tool

   • Answers Explanation & Hint: Linux distributions use a package manager to add and remove software from the system. A package manager is a software tool that manages the installation, update, and removal of software packages in a Linux distribution. It handles dependencies, resolves conflicts, and provides a centralized system for managing software packages. Popular package managers in Linux include apt (used in Debian and Ubuntu-based distributions), yum (used in Red Hat and CentOS), and pacman (used in Arch Linux).

5. In Linux, RPM can be defined as:

   • The Package Manager program for Red Hat Linux
   • Relational peak monitoring
   • Random program memory
   • Radical performance machine
   • The speed a record plays back at

   • Answers Explanation & Hint: In Linux, RPM stands for “Red Hat Package Manager.” It refers to both the file format and the package management system used by the Red Hat family of Linux distributions, including CentOS and Fedora. RPM is responsible for managing the installation, removal, and updates of software packages in these distributions. RPM packages contain the necessary files and instructions for installing software on a Linux system. The RPM package manager provides commands and utilities to work with these packages, making it easier to manage software installations and updates on Red Hat-based systems.

6. Linux originally only ran on:

   • Xerox copy machines
   • Raspberry Pi computers
   • Specialized processor chips
   • Intel 386 PCs
   • Macintosh

   • Answers Explanation & Hint: Linux originally ran on Intel 386 PCs. When Linux was first developed by Linus Torvalds in 1991, it was designed to run on the Intel 386 processor architecture. The availability of the Linux kernel for the Intel 386 PC platform played a significant role in its early adoption and popularity among computer enthusiasts and developers. Over time, Linux has expanded its support to various architectures and devices, including servers, desktops, laptops, embedded systems, Raspberry Pi computers, and more. However, its initial target was the Intel 386 PC platform.

7. A long software release cycle is:

   • Only offered by Red Hat and SUSE
   • Makes programming more difficult since new features cannot be used
   • Characterized by infrequent security fixes
   • Valued by businesses that want stability
   • Better because old hardware can be utilized beyond its service life

   • Answers Explanation & Hint: A long software release cycle is valued by businesses that want stability. A long software release cycle refers to a development and release approach where major updates or new versions of software are released at longer intervals. This means that the software remains relatively unchanged for a longer period, focusing primarily on bug fixes, security updates, and stability improvements rather than introducing new features. The benefits of a long software release cycle include: Stability: Businesses that rely on software stability and consistency often prefer longer release cycles. It allows them to have a more predictable and reliable environment, minimizing the risk of disruptions caused by frequent updates or changes. Reduced disruption: With longer release cycles, organizations have more time to plan and prepare for updates. This reduces the frequency of disruptive changes, giving users and IT departments more time to adapt to new versions. Compatibility: Longer release cycles give software developers and third-party vendors more time to ensure their products are compatible with the new version. This reduces compatibility issues and allows for smoother transitions when updating software. However, it’s worth noting that while a long software release cycle offers stability, it may limit the availability of new features and improvements during the cycle. This can make programming more challenging if developers want to take advantage of the latest enhancements. Additionally, longer release cycles may result in less frequent security fixes, potentially leaving the software more vulnerable to emerging threats.

8. Which distribution is related to Red Hat?

   • Ubuntu
   • Debian
   • Fedora
   • Raspbian
   • Slackware

   • Answers Explanation & Hint: The distribution related to Red Hat is Fedora. Fedora is a community-driven, open-source Linux distribution that is sponsored by Red Hat. It serves as a testing ground for new technologies and features that eventually make their way into Red Hat Enterprise Linux (RHEL), which is a commercially supported and enterprise-focused distribution. Fedora shares many similarities with RHEL in terms of package management (using the RPM package format) and system administration tools. Both Fedora and RHEL are part of the same ecosystem and share a common ancestry, with Fedora serving as a more cutting-edge and community-oriented distribution, while RHEL provides long-term support and stability for enterprise environments.

9. SUSE is derived from which distribution?

   • Debian
   • Slackware
   • Scientific Linux
   • Fedora
   • Red Hat Enterprise Linux

   • Answers Explanation & Hint: SUSE is derived from Slackware. SUSE Linux, also known as openSUSE, has its roots in the Slackware Linux distribution. SUSE Linux initially started as a German version of Slackware and later evolved into its own distribution with its distinct features and tools. Both Slackware and SUSE Linux share similarities in terms of package management (using the .rpm package format) and system administration. However, it’s important to note that SUSE Linux has also incorporated technologies and advancements from other distributions over time, making it a unique and independent distribution within the Linux ecosystem.

10. IoT is one application of embedded systems:

    True or False?

    • True
    • False

    • Answers Explanation & Hint: True. IoT (Internet of Things) is one application of embedded systems. Embedded systems are often used in IoT devices, which are interconnected physical devices or objects that can communicate and exchange data over the internet. Embedded systems in IoT devices enable functionalities such as sensing, data processing, and communication, allowing these devices to interact with each other and with cloud-based services. IoT applications can range from smart home devices and wearables to industrial monitoring systems and smart cities.

11. Artificial intelligence has little potential for gains in efficiency, safety and productivity.

    • False
    • True

12. The Raspberry Pi is popular with experimenters because:

    • It takes months or years to develop an application
    • It runs Microsoft Office
    • The hardware never changes
    • End users have to pay for programming expenses
    • It’s cheap and adaptable

13. The release cycle:

    • Should be long so that you have time before you need to upgrade
    • Should be short so you always have the freshest releases
    • Only has meaning for paid software
    • Describes how long software will be supported
    • Dictates how often software is updated

14. Debian is a community effort that supports many hardware platforms True or False?

    • True
    • False

15. Linux Mint is:

    •  Compatible with Android systems
    •  A proprietary version of Ubuntu with advanced features
    •  A refreshing after dinner treat
    •  Distributed in every country without license restrictions
    •  A fork of Ubuntu Linux

16. A computer running Linux can:

    •  Serve a government agency
    • Function as a web server
    • Be used to create new programs
    • All of the above
    • Outperform proprietary systems at certain tasks

17. Bundling utilities, management tools, and application software with a Linux kernel is called a:

    • A text editor
    • A type of hardware
    • A trademark
    • A distribution of Linux

18. A network of inexpensive computers connected to sensors and controllers is called:

    • Closed source computing
    • Open source networking
    • Internet of Things (IoT)
    • Relationational database
    • Creative commons

19. The Linux platform that runs on mobile phones is called:

    • MicroLinux
    • LinuxMobile
    • IOS
    • Teledroid
    • Android

20. What does a distribution provide to add and remove software from the system?

    • Application Programming Interface (API)
    • Partitioning tool
    • Bash
    • Compiler
    • Package Manager

21. A software release cycle describes:

    • How often the computer must be upgraded to support new software
    • How often security fixes are implemented
    • How often upgrades come out for software
    • How often the computer must be rebooted
    • How often the software’s memory is released back to the operating system

22. Which distributions are made by, or are clones of, RedHat?​
    (choose two)

    • Debian
    • Slackware
    • Ubuntu
    • Fedora
    • CentOS

23. Ubuntu is derived from which distribution?

    • Debian
    • Scientific Linux
    • Red Hat Enterprise Linux
    • Slackware

24. The most important consideration when choosing an operating system is:

    • Whether or not it is cloud-friendly
    • The licensing model of the operating system
    • The total cost of ownership
    • What the intended use of the system is
    • How much performance is needed

25. A maintenance cycle:

    • Describes how long a version of software will be supported
    • Should be short so you always have the freshest releases
    • Only has meaning for paid software
    • Should be long so that you have time before you need to upgrade
    • Describes how often updates for software come out

26. If a software release is in a state in that it has many new features that have not been rigorously tested, it is typically referred to as beta software. True or False?

    • True
    • False

27. Software is backward compatible if:

    • If the next version still works the same way
    • It works across Linux/Mac/Windows
    • It can be upgraded without downtime
    • It still supports old file formats or applications
    • People still use old versions

28. Apple’s OS X is: (choose three)

    • Partially based on code from the FreeBSD project
    • A fully certified UNIX distribution
    • Tightly integrated with Apple hardware
    • Primarily used to manage network services
    • Able to natively run Windows binaries
    • Derived from Linux

29. Microsoft Windows:

    (choose three)

    • Offers both desktop and server products
    • Is generally backwards compatible with previous versions
    • Has a short maintenance cycle
    • Has a Linux compatibility mode
    • Has a scripting environment called PowerShell
    • Has a new desktop version every year.

30. When choosing a distribution of Linux, you should consider: (choose five)

• • Will commercial support be required for the OS
  • Does the distribution offer a “stable” version
  • Popularity on social media
  • Does your organization require long-term support for the system
  • If the application software is supported by the distribution
  • Will users require a GUI